PowerPoint: The Baroque Era, J. S. Bach

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The Classical Concerto Introduction A concerto (from the Italian:  concerto , plural  concerti  or, often, the anglicized form  concertos ) is a musical composition usually composed in three parts or movements, in which (usually) one solo instrument (for instance, a piano, violin, cello or flute) is accompanied by an orchestra or concert band. The etymology is uncertain, but the word seems to have originated from the conjunction of the two Latin words  conserere  (meaning to tie, to join, to weave) and  certamen  (competition, fight): the idea is that the two parts in a concerto, the soloist and the orchestra or concert band, alternate episodes of opposition, cooperation, and independence in the creation of the music flow. The concerto, as understood in this modern way, arose in the baroque period side by side with the concerto grosso, which contrasted a small group of instruments with the rest of the orchestra. The popularity of the ...
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Sonata Introduction Arcangelo Corelli Sonata (from Latin and Italian:  sonare , “to sound”), in music, literally means a piece  played  as opposed to a cantata (Latin and Italian  cantare , “to sing”), a piece  sung . The term, being vague, evolved through the history of music, designating a variety of forms until the classical era, when it took on increasing importance, and by the early 19th century came to represent a principle of composing large-scale works. It was applied to most instrumental genres and regarded—alongside the fugue—as one of two fundamental methods of organizing, interpreting and analyzing concert music. Though the musical style of sonatas has changed since the classical era, most 20th- and 21st-century sonatas still maintain the same structure. In the works of Arcangelo Corelli and his contemporaries, two broad classes of sonata were established, and were first described by Sébastien de Brossard in his  Dictionaire de m...
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